Handoffs are the dribble handoffs or flip/pitch plays we’ll see. A spot up possession where the player catches then does several jabs or tries to size up his defender is now an isolation possession. For example, if a pick-and-roll ball handler dribbles off of the screen and needs to retreat dribble twice, then attacks after that substantial delay, it’s an iso possession. I don’t think I need to explain isolation, but I will say one thing: If one of these other actions occurs and is broken, it may end up being logged as an isolation possession. ![]() They can be catching-and-shooting, but attacking a close-out by dribbling into a pull-up, dribbling into a floater, or driving to the rim are also included. These possessions aren’t just catching and shoot. Players just standing in the corner before catching-and-shooting, or guys relocating to the 3-point line or fading to the corner and getting the ball on a kick out are all spotting up. Players spotting up don’t need to be stationary, but they can’t be running off of screens before catching the ball. Spot-up possessions are similar to off-screen possessions, but there’s no screen being used before the player catches the ball. However, UCLA screens and flex screens do not fall into this category. Occasions where a player curls off of a screen toward the basket are also counted. That player catches the ball coming off of a screen and either shoots immediately, dribbles into a pull up, dribbles into a floater, or dribbles and takes a shot at the rim. These possessions are generated by a player running off of a screen, whether it be a pin-down, flare screen, elevator screens, or any other of the plethora of screen variations before they receive the ball. That can be as a leak-out man, the ball-handler, left/right wing, or a trailer. On a more granular level we can look deeper into the role a player had within a transition possession. That means there’s no time cutoff that makes a possession a halfcourt possession rather than a transition possession. Transition possessions are about the defense not being set, and don’t have anything to do with the time left on the shot clock. ![]() If a player has mediocre roll man numbers but elite popping data, there’s more value than initially meets the eye. ![]() When analyzing players, I make an effort to look more at the efficiencies at each of those three specific actions. This is a tricky top-line stat to make judgements based off of due to the variation that exists within it. These are the slips, rolls, and pops from screeners in the pick-and-roll. NCAA Average PPP: 0.768 Pick-and-roll roll man That data is also available on Synergy, but isn’t part of this overall play type number. The public data available on NBA.com only looks at scoring, not passing to others from the pick-and-roll. The lower average scoring efficiency of these shots is likely from the number that end up being pull-up mid-range shots. These are surprisingly much lower scoring possessions that you might guess, but the offense generated from the pass outs to cuts, rolls, and spot ups are fairly high scoring. It also includes possessions where the bal- handler shoots before even dribbling off of the screen, as well as when he denies the ball screen and dribbles away from the pick. This includes pull-ups, floaters, and shots at the rim by that player. ![]() These are possessions finished by the ball-handler in the pick-and-roll. Here are each of those Synergy play types and what they mean: Pick-and-roll ball-handler Based on that knowledge, I’m here to try to explain what’s what. I’m someone who has looked through hundreds of clips from Synergy’s database and taken lots of mental and written notes about what fits into which category. Synergy releases a lot of great information, but the explanations of their data aren’t the most comprehensive, especially for what’s available publicly on the NBA’s site. Here at Nylon Calculus, we’ve used these play types previously to help define offensive roles for NBA players, as well as define team offensive play styles. There are two different versions of this Synergy play type data, the limited amount of data you can see for free on NBA.com/Stats*, and data from Synergy which requires a subscription. Those play types are actions such as post-ups or isolation possessions. Synergy Sports Technology, data provider for every NBA team and most NCAA teams, is a unique stats source, offering data categorizing every offensive possession by play types.
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